Static Proxy vs. Dynamic Proxy: Differences and Selection Guide

In software development, the proxy pattern is a common design pattern used to control access to other objects. Static proxy and dynamic proxy are the two main implementation methods of the proxy mode. Each method has its unique advantages and applicable scenarios.

static proxy

Static proxy is a proxy pattern in which the implementation of the proxy class is determined during compilation. In a static proxy, the proxy class needs to explicitly implement or inherit the interface or parent class of the target object, and the relationship between the proxy object and the target object is determined during compilation. The proxy class in this method already exists after compilation, and no new class will be dynamically generated.

Features and Benefits:

Simple and intuitive: Writing and understanding static proxies is relatively easy.

Determined during compilation: Static proxies generate proxy classes at compile time and are highly efficient at runtime.

Strong controllability: Since the proxy class is determined during compilation, it has high stability.

scenes to be used:

Security controls: Control access to target objects.

Logging: Record method calls.

Performance monitoring: Statistical method execution time, etc.

dynamic proxy

Dynamic proxy is a proxy pattern that dynamically generates proxy classes at runtime. The dynamic proxy mechanism in Java allows proxy classes to be dynamically generated at runtime, without the need to determine the proxy relationship during compilation, but dynamically generated as needed while the program is running.

Features and Benefits:

Flexible and changeable: dynamically generate proxy classes at runtime, with wider applicability.

Reduce duplicate code: A large amount of duplicate proxy class code can be reduced.

Strong scalability: supports more flexible agent behavior.

scenes to be used:

AOP (Aspect Oriented Programming): For example, adding logs, permission control, etc. before and after method execution.

Remote method invocation (RMI): Remote method invocation is implemented through dynamic proxy.

Performance monitoring: dynamically collect and count method execution information.

Differences and Selection Guide

The choice between static proxy and dynamic proxy depends on the specific application scenarios and requirements:

Static proxies are suitable for proxies for a single class or a fixed minority of classes. For example, if the proxy relationship is determined during compilation, static proxies can be selected to implement simple function enhancement or control.

Dynamic proxy is suitable for situations where you need to proxy a large number of classes or when you need to dynamically control and adjust proxy behavior at runtime. You can choose dynamic proxy to achieve more flexible and scalable functions.

In practical applications, the appropriate agent method can usually be selected based on specific needs and development complexity. For simple requirements and a small number of classes, static proxies can provide stable and efficient solutions; for complex systems and dynamically changing requirements, dynamic proxies can provide more flexible and scalable solutions.

in conclusion

Both static agents and dynamic agents have their unique application scenarios and advantages in software development. Developers should choose the appropriate agent mode based on specific needs and actual conditions. Understanding their differences and selection guidelines can help developers make more informed decisions in design and implementation, thereby improving the efficiency and maintainability of software systems.

Through the introduction and analysis of this article, I hope readers can have a deeper understanding of static agents and dynamic agents, and use them flexibly in actual development to achieve better software design and development results.